Pouch Cells

- A Framework for Modeling Mechanically Induced Thermal Runaway in Lithium-Ion Batteries
H Patanwala, K Kong, V Challa, K Darvish, E Sahraei
SAE Technical Paper | Year: 2025
- Validation of Sahraei Failure Criterion on cylindrical and pouch Lithium-ion battery cells (pdf)
Y Song, M Bulla, H Patanwala, E Sahraei
Journal of Energy Storage 94, 112371 | Year: 2024
- Characterization of in-situ material properties of pouch lithium-ion batteries in tension from three-point bending tests (pdf)
MM Keshavarzi, M Gilaki, E Sahraei
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 219, 107090 | Year: 2022
- Modeling of dynamic mechanical response of li-ion cells with homogenized electrolyte-solid interactions (pdf)
T Kisters, M Gilaki, S Nau, E Sahraei
Journal of Energy Storage 49, 104069 | Year: 2022
- Deformation of lithium-ion batteries under axial loading: Analytical model and Representative Volume Element
G Kermani, MM Keshavarzi, E Sahraei
Energy Reports 7, 2849-2861 | Year: 2021
- Effects of electrolyte, thickness, and casing stiffness on the dynamic response of lithium-ion battery cells
T Kisters, M Keshavarzi, J Kuder, E Sahraei
Energy Reports 7, 6451-6461 | Year: 2021
- Dynamic impact response of lithium-ion batteries, constitutive properties, and failure model
G Kermani, E Sahraei
RSC Advances 9 (5), 2464-2473 | Year: 2019
- Effects of electrolyte, loading rate, and location of indentation on mechanical integrity of li-ion pouch cells
B Dixon, A Mason, E Sahraei
Journal of Power Sources 396, 412-420 | Year: 2018
- Dynamic impact tests on lithium-ion cells
T Kisters, E Sahraei, T Wierzbicki
International Journal of Impact Engineering 108, 205-216 | Year: 2017
- Characterizing and modeling mechanical properties and onset of short circuit for three types of lithium-ion pouch cells
E Sahraei, J Meier, T Wierzbicki
Journal of Power Sources 247, 503-516 | Year: 2014
- Calibration and finite element simulation of pouch lithium-ion batteries for mechanical integrity
E Sahraei, R Hill, T Wierzbicki
Journal of Power Sources 201, 307-321 | Year: 2012
Cylindrical Cells

- Validation of Sahraei Failure Criterion on cylindrical and pouch Lithium-ion battery cells
Y Song, M Bulla, H Patanwala, E Sahraei
Journal of Energy Storage 94, 112371 | Year: 2024
- A universal anisotropic model for a lithium‐ion cylindrical cell validated under axial, lateral, and bending loads
Y Song, M Gilaki, MM Keshavarzi, E Sahraei
Energy Science & Engineering 10 (4), 1431-1448 | Year: 2022
- Homogenized characterization of cylindrical Li‐ion battery cells using elliptical approximation
M Gilaki, Y Song, E Sahraei
International Journal of Energy Research | Year: 2021
- Deformation and failure mechanisms of 18650 battery cells under axial compression
J Zhu, X Zhang, E Sahraei, T Wierzbicki
Journal of Power Sources 336, 332-340 | Year: 2016
- Homogenized mechanical properties for the jellyroll of cylindrical Lithium-ion cells
T Wierzbicki, E Sahraei
Journal of Power Sources 241, 467-476 | Year: 2013
- Modeling and short circuit detection of 18650 Li-ion cells under mechanical abuse conditions
E Sahraei, J Campbell, T Wierzbicki
Journal of Power Sources 220, 360-372 | Year: 2012
Prismatic Cells

- Comprehensive Mechanical Characterization of Prismatic Lithium-Ion Cells
H Patanwala, Y Song, E Sahraei
SAE Technical Paper | Year: 2025
- Mechanical properties of prismatic Li-ion batteries—electrodes, cells, and stacks
E Sahraei, MM Keshavarzi, X Zhang, B Lai
Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage 19 (4), 041008 | Year: 2022
- Comparative study of mechanical-electrical-thermal responses of pouch, cylindrical, and prismatic lithium-ion cells under mechanical abuse
W Li, Y Xia, GH Chen, E Sahraei
Science China Technological Sciences 61, 1472-1482 | Year: 2018
Modules & Packs

- Modeling Electric Vehicle’s Battery Module using Computational Homogenization Approach
SR Shinde, Y Song, E Sahraei
International Journal of Energy Research 2023 (1), 9210078 | Year: 2023
- Model-based design of an electric bus Lithium-ion battery pack
M Gilaki, R Walsh, E Sahraei
Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage 18 (2), 020914 | Year: 2021
- Damage of cells and battery packs due to ground impact
Y Xia, T Wierzbicki, E Sahraei, X Zhang
Journal of Power Sources 267, 78-97 | Year: 2014
Cell Components (Anode, Cathode, Electrode, Seperator)

- Mechanical Deformation in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes: Modeling and Experiment
JM Foster, Y Hahn, H Patanwala, V Oancea, E Sahraei
Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage 22 (1) | Year: 2025
- An experimental and computational study on the orthotropic failure of separators for lithium-ion batteries
M Bulla, S Kolling, E Sahraei
Energies 13 (17), 4399 | Year: 2020
- Testing and modeling the mechanical properties of the granular materials of graphite anode
J Zhu, W Li, Y Xia, E Sahraei
Journal of the Electrochemical Society 165 (5), A1160 | Year: 2018
- Adhesion strength of the cathode in lithium-ion batteries under combined tension/shear loadings
H Luo, J Zhu, E Sahraei, Y Xia
RSC Advances 8 (8), 3996-4005 | Year: 2018
- Degradation of battery separators under charge–discharge cycles
X Zhang, J Zhu, E Sahraei
RSC Advances 7 (88), 56099-56107 | Year: 2017
- Deformation and failure characteristics of four types of lithium-ion battery separators
X Zhang, E Sahraei, K Wang
Journal of Power Sources 327, 693-701 | Year: 2016
- Li-ion battery separators, mechanical integrity, and failure mechanisms leading to soft and hard internal shorts
X Zhang, E Sahraei, K Wang
Scientific Reports 6 (1), 32578 | Year: 2016
Sahraei Failure Model for Internal Short Circuit Detection

- Validation of Sahraei Failure Criterion on cylindrical and pouch Lithium-ion battery cells
Y Song, M Bulla, H Patanwala, E Sahraei
Journal of Energy Storage 94, 112371 | Year: 2024
- Microscale failure mechanisms leading to internal short circuit in Li-ion batteries under complex loading scenarios
E Sahraei, E Bosco, B Dixon, B Lai
Journal of Power Sources 319, 56-65 | Year: 2016
Aging, Electrolyte, Temperature & Repeatability

- Modeling of dynamic mechanical response of Li-ion cells with homogenized electrolyte-solid interactions
T Kisters, M Gilaki, S Nau, E Sahraei
Journal of Energy Storage 49, 104069 | Year: 2022
- Effects of electrolyte, thickness, and casing stiffness on the dynamic response of lithium-ion battery cells
T Kisters, M Keshavarzi, J Kuder, E Sahraei
Energy Reports 7, 6451-6461 | Year: 2021
- Elliptical lithium‐ion batteries: transverse and axial loadings under wet/dry conditions
G Kermani, B Dixon, E Sahraei
Energy Science & Engineering 7 (3), 890-898 | Year: 2019
- Effects of electrolyte, loading rate, and location of indentation on mechanical integrity of li-ion pouch cells
B Dixon, A Mason, E Sahraei
Journal of Power Sources 396, 412-420 | Year: 2018
- Degradation of battery separators under charge–discharge cycles
X Zhang, J Zhu, E Sahraei
RSC Advances 7 (88), 56099-56107 | Year: 2017
Vehicle Level Studies

- A Case Study on Crash Safety Strategies and Targets of Battery Electric VS Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles
A Thorat, S Shinde, H Patanwala, E Sahraei
3rd International Conference on Electrical, Computer, Communications and Mechatronics Engineering (ICECCME) | Year: 2023
- High strength steels, stiffness of vehicle front-end structure, and risk of injury to rear seat occupants
E Sahraei, K Digges, D Marzougui, K Roddis
Accident Analysis & Prevention 66, 43-54 | Year: 2014
- Effects of vehicle front-end stiffness on rear seat dummies in NCAP and FMVSS208 tests
E Sahraei, K Digges, D Marzougui
Traffic Injury Prevention 14 (6), 602-606 | Year: 2013
- Effect of increase in weight and stiffness of vehicles on the safety of rear seat occupants
ES Esfahani, D Marzougui, K Digges, CD (Steve) Kan
International Journal of Crashworthiness 16 (3), 309-318 | Year: 2011
- Reduced protection for belted occupants in rear seats relative to front seats of new model year vehicles
E Sahraei, K Digges, D Marzougui
Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine/Annual Scientific Conference 54, 149 | Year: 2010
- Protection of Rear Seat Occupants in Frontal Crashes, Controlling for Occupant and Crash Characteristics
Elham Sahraei, Damoon Soudbakhsh, Kennerly Digges
Stapp Car Crash Journal Vol. 53, 2009-P-404 | Year: 2009
- Trend of rear occupant protection in frontal crashes over model years of vehicles
E Esfahani, K Digges
SAE World Congress & Exhibition, Society of Automotive Engineers, Detroit | Year: 2009
- Collision safety structure
ES Esfahani
US Patent 7,461,889 | Year: 2008
- Safety Performance of Concrete Median Barriers under Updated Crashworthiness Criteria
ES Esfahani, D Marzougui, KS Opiela
Year: 2008
- Reducing Occupant Injury in Frontal Crashes for a Low-Floor City Bus
E Sahraei Esfahani, K Darvish, M Parnianpour, A Bateni
ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition 42312, 113-120 | Year: 2005
Electrochemistry, Health & Safety

- A Framework for Modeling Mechanically Induced Thermal Runaway in Lithium-Ion Batteries
H Patanwala, K Kong, V Challa, K Darvish, E Sahraei
SAE Technical Paper | Year: 2025
- Using Time Constants of Battery for Health and Safety Monitoring
D Soudbakhsh, E Sahraei, M Derakhshan
The Electrochemical Society | Year: 2025
- Systems and method to detect mechanically damaged energy storage cells using electrical signals
D Soudbakhsh, E Sahraei, M Derakhshan
US Patent App. | 18/851,894 | Year: 2025
- Detecting mechanical indentation from the time constants of Li-ion batteries
M Derakhshan, E Sahraei, D Soudbakhsh
Cell Reports Physical Science 3 (11) | Year: 2022
- Coupled electrochemical-mechanical modeling of lithium-ion batteries using distributed randle circuit model
M Keshavarzi, M Derakhshan, M Gilaki, P L’Eplattenier, I Caldichoury
2021 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy | Year: 2021
- Bending detection of li-ion pouch cells using impedance spectra
M Derakhshan, M Gilaki, A Stacy, E Sahraei, D Soudbakhsh
ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control 1 (3), 031005 | Year: 2021
- Electrical response of mechanically damaged lithium-ion batteries
D Soudbakhsh, M Gilaki, W Lynch, P Zhang, T Choi, E Sahraei
Energies 13 (17), 4284 | Year: 2020
- Investigating the Effects of Mechanical Damage on Electrical Response of Li-Ion Pouch Cells
D Soudbakhsh, A Stacy, M Gilaki, E Sahraei
2020 American Control Conference (ACC), 242-247 | Year: 2020
- Cycling results of mechanically damaged li-ion batteries
E Sahraei, M Gilaki, W Lynch, J Kirtley, D Soudbakhsh
2019 IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium (ESTS), 226-230 | Year: 2019
Dynamic Loading

- An Experimental and Computational Study of Mechanically and Dynamically High Loaded Separators for Lithium-Ion Batteries
M Bulla, E Sahraei, S Kolling
ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, 87646 | Year: 2023
- An experimental and numerical study on charged 21700 lithium-ion battery cells under dynamic and high mechanical loads
M Bulla, C Schmandt, S Kolling, T Kisters, E Sahraei
Energies 16 (1), 211 | Year: 2022
- Modeling of dynamic mechanical response of Li-ion cells with homogenized electrolyte-solid interactions
T Kisters, M Gilaki, S Nau, E Sahraei
Journal of Energy Storage 49, 104069 | Year: 2022
- Effects of electrolyte, thickness, and casing stiffness on the dynamic response of lithium-ion battery cells
T Kisters, M Keshavarzi, J Kuder, E Sahraei
Energy reports 7, 6451-6461 | Year: 2021
- Deformation of lithium-ion batteries under axial loadings: Analytical model and Representative Volume Element
G Kermani, MM Keshavarzi, E Sahraei
Energy Reports 7, 2849-2861 | Year: 2021
- A material model for the orthotropic and viscous behavior of separators in lithium-ion batteries under high mechanical loads
M Bulla, S Kolling, E Sahraei
Energies 14 (15), 4585 | Year: 2021
- Elliptical lithium-ion batteries: transverse and axial loadings under wet/dry conditions
G Kermani, B Dixon, E Sahraei
Energy Science & Engineering 7 (3), 890-898 | Year: 2019
- Dynamic impact response of lithium-ion batteries, constitutive properties and failure model
G Kermani, E Sahraei
RSC advances 9 (5), 2464-2473 | Year: 2019
- Supporting Information for ‘Dynamic Impact Response of Lithium-Ion Batteries, Constitutive Properties and Failure Model’
G Kermani, E Sahraei | Year: 2019
- Dynamic impact tests on lithium-ion cells
T Kisters, E Sahraei, T Wierzbicki
International Journal of Impact Engineering 108, 205-216 | Year: 2017