{"id":45,"date":"2024-10-24T12:57:03","date_gmt":"2024-10-24T16:57:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.temple.edu\/chemdemo\/?p=45"},"modified":"2024-10-25T16:22:14","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T20:22:14","slug":"flame-tests","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.temple.edu\/chemdemo\/2024\/10\/24\/flame-tests\/","title":{"rendered":"Flame Tests"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Purpose<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To demonstrate that chemicals with similar properties can still have different electronic structures by showing the spectra produced by different ions in a flame.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Materials<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Methanolic salt solutions (sodium, lithium, potassium, calcium, copper)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Spray bottles<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bunsen burner (with a Meeker burner attachment)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Watch glasses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Spectroscopic grids (for small classes)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Water (for cleaning spray bottles)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Procedure<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Preparing the Spray Bottles<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Check Spray Mechanism:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ensure spray bottles are functioning properly. Clean out any salt buildup by spraying water through them for a few minutes if necessary.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conducting the Flame Test<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Using the Spray Method:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fill spray bottles with methanolic solutions of the selected salts (Na, Li, K, Ca, Cu).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Always point the spray away from the class.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Spray through the Meeker burner to ignite the solution, creating colorful flames.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Using Watch Glasses:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Alternatively, place samples of the salts (preferably chlorides except for copper, which uses sulfate) on watch glasses.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Add a few squirts of methanol to each sample and ignite to create a standing flame.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Observing the Spectra<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Spectroscopic Grids:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In smaller classes, use small squares of c-spectra to approximate a spectroscope.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Have students observe the spectra near the flame, which works best in a dark room.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This experiment effectively illustrates the concept of electronic structure differences among various ions, despite their similar properties, through the visual display of colored flames produced by different metal salts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Purpose To demonstrate that chemicals with similar properties can still have different electronic structures by showing the spectra produced by different ions in a flame.&#8230;<\/p>\n<div class=\"more-link-wrapper\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.temple.edu\/chemdemo\/2024\/10\/24\/flame-tests\/\">Continue Reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Flame Tests<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":36673,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-demonstrations","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.temple.edu\/chemdemo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.temple.edu\/chemdemo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.temple.edu\/chemdemo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.temple.edu\/chemdemo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/36673"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.temple.edu\/chemdemo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sites.temple.edu\/chemdemo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46,"href":"https:\/\/sites.temple.edu\/chemdemo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45\/revisions\/46"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.temple.edu\/chemdemo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.temple.edu\/chemdemo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.temple.edu\/chemdemo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}