The Responsibility Gap: Who is Held Responsible for the Actions of Autonomous Systems?

If a machine operates in a way that is unfavorable, who is held liable? The responsibility gap tries to answer that question – is it the manufacturer or the machine itself that is held responsible? The responsibility gap occurs when the line between who to blame for an action, whether is AI or humans, begins to blur. If a moral issue is at hand, the gap seeks to make sense of who is held responsible for that issue. For instance, if a robot is to harm a human, are the human(s) who created and programed the robot held responsible, or is the robot itself held responsible, considering it has a sort of artificial consciousness? Andreas Matthias seeks to answer these questions, arguing that no one can be fully responsible – whereas traditional sanctions of responsibility become obsolete due to the autonomous nature of artificial intelligence.

https://www.academia.edu/243900/The_Responsibility_Gap_Ascribing_Responsibility_for_the_Actions_of_Learning_Automata

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